The operation became the most intense air/ground battle waged during the Cold War period it was the most difficult such campaign fought by the United States since the aerial bombardment of Germany during World War II. and its allies by Cold War exigencies, and by the military aid and assistance received by North Vietnam from its communist allies, the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China and North Korea. Attainment of these objectives was made difficult by both the restraints imposed upon the U.S. The four objectives of the operation (which evolved over time) were to boost the sagging morale of the Saigon regime in the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) to persuade North Vietnam to cease its support for the communist insurgency in South Vietnam without sending ground forces into communist North Vietnam to destroy North Vietnam's transportation system, industrial base, and air defenses and to halt the flow of men and materiel into South Vietnam. Navy, and Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) against the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) from 2 March 1965 until 2 November 1968, during the Vietnam War. Operation Rolling Thunder was the title of a gradual and sustained aerial bombardment campaign conducted by the United States (U.S.) 2nd Air Division (later Seventh Air Force), U.S.

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